Ethiopia launched the third round of its integrated polio vaccination campaign on October 10, 2025, aiming to immunize more than 8.5 million children across 22 zones in seven regions. This large-scale effort employs both the novel oral polio vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) and the bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) to bolster immunity among children and combat the persistent threat of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2).
The campaign, which follows a similar integrated effort in February 2025, reflects a determined push toward eradicating polio in the Horn of Africa. According to the Ethiopian Ministry of Health, the initiative is synchronised with broader regional strategies involving neighboring countries, recognizing the cross-border nature of poliovirus transmission and the need for coordinated response across the region. Earlier in 2025, more than 600,000 children were vaccinated, and nationwide coverage in previous rounds has often surpassed official targets.
The expanded approach aligns with the updated strategy of the WHO African Region, which now recommends three to five rounds of immunization in countries confronting polio outbreaks. The campaign integrates vital child health services to maximize impact and reach, with a focus on reaching zero-dose and under-vaccinated children in high-risk communities.
