Tuesday, September 30, 2025
Home Blog Page 2032

POPULISM VS ELITISM

The current ascending populism is a reaction to the heavy handedness of global dominant interests. These interests impose and enforce their desires (on all and sundry), amongst many ways, through the overt/covert operations of their powerful states. The ‘deep state’ plays noticeable role in this regard. To recall; by the deep state we mean, the military-intelligence-industrial-banking-media-complex of the (mostly) powerful states of the world system. To be sure, the current global status quo is the reign of the elites, or ‘elitism’ for short. Its nemesis is the rising ‘populism.’ The confrontation between these two camps might well end up shaping the disintegrating phase of our modern world system, which has been around for over half a millennium!
The current divisive ‘elitism’ is the manifestation of late modernity, which is grounded on the ambitions of monopoly capital/crony capitalism and its attendant lopsided governance. Reductionist neoliberalism anchors its economic ideology. By and large, elitism is a socio-political diktat privileging those who believe they are in the know. All institutions of our world system effectively operate under this well-established regime. From institutions of learning to that of global governance (economic, political, cultural, etc.), all conduct their affairs by abiding to the logic of the elites. NATO, WB, IMF, EU, WTO, etc., are some of the institutional tools of global elitism. Inequality, instead of equality, undemocratic, instead of democratic, disempowerment instead of empowerment, etc. are some of the visible features of the reigning elitist global order, however camouflaged these obvious dispensations are (by TPTB=the power that be)! Current elitism is based on the greed system. If truth be told, it has little appeal to the global sheeple. If humanity is honestly allowed to express its wishes, hopes, fears, etc., it will definitely opt for a more holistic life than what is currently delivered by the reigning hyper elitism. By contrast, the misguided elitism of our day doesn’t really have a clear picture of what life is and should be, outside of the universe of accumulation. Existing elitism is possessed by the now and now! For instance, what the cumulative effects of our incessant manipulation of nature will bring to life and the planet itself is not a burning issue to existing elitism!
The destructive nature of the current elitism has yet to be (fully) exposed by the ascending ‘populism.’ As we said earlier, elitism’s irrational behavior, particularly in regards to natural resources, ecosystems, life and the general well being of our blue planet is abysmal! It is like a kind of mission to nowhere. At the end of the day, this dead end objective cannot appeal to any human, let alone the global levelheaded sheeple. Critical thinking is systemically shunned (by the global elitism) so that sugar coated anti-life discourse can go on unabated. Nonetheless, the old trick of numbing/indoctrinating the sheeple seems to run out of steam. Even the power that be (TPTB) of the industrially advanced states of the OECD (rich countries) are facing this backlash from their increasingly agitated sheeple. Many pretexts are being used to challenge the heavy handedness of institutions like EU, NATO, etc. Brexit itself is a populist reaction to EU’s preponderance. Greece, Spain, Germany and many of the east/central European countries are having vibrantly ascending populism eager to challenge the elitist status quo. Only last week another of the OECD country went populist, so to speak. Mexico elected, by a wide margin, an avowed socialist to its highest office. Over ten politicians are killed on a monthly basis, in Mexico! One wonders why?
To go forward, populism has to rethink many of the things the world has been taking for granted, under the current reign of destructive elitism. Populism should be everything that the current elitism is not! For example, stupid economic doctrines, like infinite growth on a finite planet, must be discarded. We believe, the ideology of the new populism must be derived from the following two foundational principles. Respect for all life and life support systems! Peace and equity for all! To some extent, justice and other democratic notions are espoused (mostly) to secure the above lofty objectives. We also believe, the dynamic dichotomy of left and right populism can be managed as long as we adhere to the above basic principles. For example, we now have a coalition of left and right populists running one of the G7 countries–Italy! Be that as it may, some serious debates need to be conducted (on a continuous basis) before conclusive assessment can be made about the rising populism of our time.

This was first published in July 2018

Coding for children

0

The 20th edition of Think Young Coding School will be held in Addis Ababa, from 14 to 17 July 2023. Andrea Gerosa is the founder of ThinkYoung, a think tank focused on young people with the aim of involving them in decision-making processes and to provide decision-makers with high-quality research on youth’s conditions. With offices in Brussels, Geneva, Hong Kong and Nairobi, ThinkYoung has 12 years of experience working to empower students all over the world with needs-tailored programmes such as the ThinkYoung Coding School and the ThinkYoung Entrepreneurship School. Capital’s Groum Abate reached out to Andrea Gerosa for in-depth insights of what ThinkYoung is doing to promote coding. The following are excerpts from the candid interview; 

 

Capital: What programming languages and technologies do you teach at ThinkYoung Coding School?

Andrea Gerosa: During the Coding school, students will gain proficiency in computer programming, including languages such as basic HTML5, Python, and even videogame creation. We go beyond coding and foster a comprehensive 21st-century science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) education, which is why participants will also delve into robotics and uncrewed air vehicles (drones). The ThinkYoung Coding School is characterised by its innovative approach in a non-formal educational setting, addressing the needs of the younger generation on the one hand and the demand for skilled talent from the African industry on the other hand.

Capital:  What age groups or grade levels do you cater to in your coding programs?

Andrea Gerosa: The school welcomes participants aged between 9 and 18 years old, without splitting them into specific age groups. The primary objective we and our partners at Boeing pursue is to provide participants with a foundation in computer programming and other essential STEM skills. The program is designed for beginners, including those with minimal or no prior experience in coding.

Capital: How do you structure your coding courses? Are they project-based, lecture-based, or a combination of both?

Andrea Gerosa: Our coding courses follow a project-based approach, ensuring that every participant receives training in basic coding skills while also allowing them to embark on their own real-world-based projects. At the end of the programme, participants will present their websites and video games. This event serves as a platform for participants to articulate what they have learned and demonstrate the skills they have acquired throughout the bootcamp. Our project-based approach aims to boost youth’s logical and problem-solving thinking while equipping them with STEM skills needed for a successful knowledge-based career in the future. These real-world interactions aim to make learning more accessible and long-lasting.

Capital: Can you provide examples of real-world projects or applications that students have built during their time at ThinkYoung Coding School?

Andrea Gerosa: Students in Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda had the opportunity to build websites, blogs and videogames. Thanks to our partnership with Boeing we also involved them in developing aviation related video games, or understanding how software is important in aviation and how a drone can be guided with coding.

Capital: Are there any prerequisites or prior coding experience required to enroll in your programs?

Andrea Gerosa: We welcome teenagers of all backgrounds. One of the unique aspects of the Coding School organized by ThinkYoung and Boeing is that no previous experience is required to be considered as a candidate. We firmly believe in providing equal opportunities for all participants to embark on this transformative journey. Every edition of our program receives an overwhelming response, with up to 300 applications.

One of the key factors we consider during the selection process is the level of enthusiasm and motivation of the candidates in their applications. We seek out the most driven and passionate teenagers who are eager to make the most of this opportunity.

Capital: Do you offer any specialized coding programs or tracks for students who want to focus on a particular area, such as game development, web development, or mobile app development?

Andrea Gerosa: The ThinkYoung Coding School is not only focused on teaching the basics of computer programming, or website creation, it also aims at demonstrating coding is a fundamental part of many other exciting subjects, such as videogame creation, robotics, or even aviation. That is why we always introduce workshops where students can apply the coding schools to different fields.

Capital: Can you share any success stories or testimonials from previous students who have benefited from your coding programs?

Andrea Gerosa: The aftermovie of our 2022 edition in Ethiopia is available on different platforms.

Capital: What sets ThinkYoung Coding School apart from other coding schools or programs?

Andrea Gerosa: The Coding School by ThinkYoung and Boeing is designed to train the young generation with the digital skills needed to pursue careers in STEM. The program is  free of charge for all participants, due to Boeing’s support. Notably, 60% of participants are girls, we do everything we can to demonstrate that coding has no gender.

Capital:  How do you measure the success of your students in your coding programs?

Andrea Gerosa: We run a survey at the end of the programme where we evaluate how the opinion of the students changes towards STEM subjects. The findings confirm that 72% of participants are likely to pursue STEM subjects in higher education.

 Capital:  What are your plans for the future of ThinkYoung Coding School?

Andrea Gerosa: This initiative aligns with the Ethiopian Ministry of Innovation and Technology’s ambitious goal of achieving 70% digital literacy among its citizens by 2025. By empowering and upskilling young people, ThinkYoung and Boeing are actively contributing to Ethiopia’s future and paving the way for technological advancement in the country. That is why, we are committed to scaling up our projects in Sub-Saharan Africa and bringing more opportunities to maximise the potential of the next generation in Ethiopia, Kenya and Rwanda.

Capital: You have mentioned several times that your program partner is Boeing. What is the role of Boeing in this project?

Andrea Gerosa: Boeing is our major partner in the Coding School programme providing funding, expertise in aviation and technologies, and participating in major events throughout the program.

Almost 60% of Africa’s population is under 25 years old but the penetration of STEM education is below other parts of the world. That’s why Boeing has partnered with over 40 organizations in Africa and has invested over $22 million since 2006, to support systemic improvements in education, economic empowerment and the alleviation of poverty. Boeing invests in skills development in Africa to promote careers in aviation, advance STEM careers on the continent and deepen the pool of talent available to the sector. Speaking about Ethiopia, it’s the main “center of gravity” for commercial aviation in Sub-Saharan Africa, connecting the continent to the world. To create a steady talent pipeline in commercial aviation in the country, Boeing works with Ethiopian Airlines Group and ThinkYoung Africa on various STEM education projects.

ESL fuels strategy to drive its logistics ambitions

State owned vessels operator, Ethiopian Shipping and Logistics (ESL), designs a strategic plan to go head and shoulders above the rest in the coming few years.
The logistics mammoth plans to boost its foreign currency generation by six folds from cross trade, expand its carrying capacity by 3.6 folds and containers ownership by 7.7 folds.
The enterprise which successfully swapped its vessel tankers with huge Ultramax disclosed that its vessel ownership will be increased in the coming five years.
As Wondwossen Kassa (Cap), Deputy CEO for the Shipping Sector at ESL, opines, the upgrade to huge vessels will accelerate the fleet of ESL, the sole cross continent vessel operator in Africa.
As the captain expressed, in line with the forecasts and sector dynamics, ESL has designed a plan that has beefed its lane from five to seven years, “In order to deal with the ever changing shipping dynamics and achieve our vision and mission, ESL has launched its revised 7 year strategic plan.”
After five years, since new players may join the sector in Ethiopia, the multimodal logistics monopoly is now aggressively working round the clock to be ready for the upcoming competition.
Cognizant of the reduction of commodities transported on FOB as a result of increase in commodities loaded from Djibouti, the success of cross trade which has been the backbone of ESL’s revenue is at the center of the logistics firm’s agenda to which it is positioning itself strategically to ensure it is on top of its revenue stream.
Feeders’ service is also expected to be boosted in the coming year, while regional and international circumstances are also included to the designed strategic plan.
“For instance, the peace process in Yemen is expected to be a good market for ESL. Moreover, wind energy has become a new segment in the global arena, such is the case for Saudi Arabia which has new projects in addition to the establishment of new cities in the Kingdom,” the Deputy CEO explained.
Regarding the wind project, he explained that there are several countries undertaking wind project all over the world, however, most of the equipment are manufactured in China that needs transportation.
“To meet the demand, we need to have big vessels that accommodate the latest type of wind turbines,” Wondwossen (Cap) elaborates, adding, “This is the reason which has led us to revise and come up with a new strategic plan to achieve great results in the coming years.”
“ESL, as one of the major players in the Ethiopian economy, always strives to fulfill its ambition for growth and in meeting stake holders’ expectations. Ships fleet expansion and diversification is one big part of the business,” the Deputy CEO said.
According to the Deputy CEO, in this plan, there are three main shipping segments under which ESL is working to engage with and expand its operations.
The first one is the multipurpose vessel operator segment. ESL is one of the known handy size multipurpose (MPP) operator in the shipping market and has a plan to acquire four 62,000metric tons MPP vessels in the coming 5 years. Such acquisitions will further consolidate ESL’s position as MPP operator in the international market.
The second one is the container shipping segment, “Considering the fast changing local, regional and international realities, ESL believes its container carrying capacity and connectivity should be enhanced.”
“Likewise we plan to increase our container inventory from 13,000 TEU to 100,000 TEU and the container deadweight capacity to 237,000 metric tons in the coming 5 years,” the Captain explained ESL’s ambitions, adding, “Such an expansion will help us to target annual container carrying capacity of 400,000 TEU.”
Last but not least was the bulk segment. On this segment ESL plans to acquire 8 Ultramax bulk carries with a total carrying capacity of 500,000 DWT. The main target of this segment is to support Ethiopian bulk import trade and generate enough revenue from the regional and international cross trade market.
At the end of full implementation of the plan, ESL will increase its revenue from cross trade alone by six folds from the current USD 30 million to USD 180 million and its DWT capacity from the current 305,000 metric tons to 1.1 million metric tons after five years.
“We are confident that we will hit our targets,” Wondwossen (Cap), assertively concluded.

Auditor General places parliament’s action in question!

The Federal Auditor General claims parliament didn’t act as expected regarding ‘huge audit gaps’.
On a press conference held on Friday, June 30, 2023, Meseret Damte, head of the office, indicated that even though the number of complaints about audit reports was decreasing from time to time, the audit gap was equally increasing in parallel.
As Meseret highlights, “The country continues to experience significant financial losses in the form of uncollected revenues, cash deficits, unaccounted and illicit expenses, financial irregularities, and illegal purchases without following rules.”
As indicated in the press conference, the Auditor General said that the amount overdue by the federal government offices that have not been collected in the 2021/22 fiscal year from the financial audit carried out in 131 federal offices reached 15.12 billion birr and was categorized in the “uncollected” account. The auditor-general mentioned that this amount was nine billion birr in the 2020–21 fiscal year.
As cited, in the 2021/22 fiscal year, 1.56 billion birr of expenditure beyond the allocated budget and a 1.3 billion birr cash deficit have been registered.
“This amount is huge when it comes to our economy and has to be collected. This revelation has raised serious concerns about financial management and the accountability in the country,” alarmed the Auditor General.
As she indicated, her office has conducted an investigation to ensure that action has been taken on the deficiencies found in the audit reports conducted in the 2020–21 fiscal year and before. As indicated in her report to parliament on June 27, 2023, only 0.65 percent of the 6.88 billion birr that was recommended for refunds in the 2020/21 fiscal year and before was refunded.
“The reports issued by the auditor general serve as a testament to the alarming extent of the budget gap. I don’t think that members of parliament understand that they are obliged to follow up on the financial performances and take the appropriate measurement,” Meseret alerted.
The Auditor General called on members of parliament as well as the standing committees to understand their responsibilities, see audit reports of government institutions, and follow up on their performance.
“The power and function of our office are to audit all the institutions that it has planned and to report the findings to the House of Representatives,” she emphasized on the pivotal role of her office.
As she explains, the office follows the “Westminster” audit system model, which is implemented by countries that follow a parliamentary system, and its authority and responsibility is to submit reports to the House of Representatives based on the findings of the various audits it has conducted on various institutions.
Also, as Meseret indicated in the year 2021/22, her office was not unable to do six institutional audit reports, including security organizations limited by the establishment regulation of the organizations, “We believe that these security organizations should also be audited as they are using tax payer’s money and it can be kept in secret if need be. If we see other countries experiences; they acknowledge being audited but it will only be presented to the respective stakeholder.”
Additionally, 19 institutions were found to have significant problems and were given objectionable comments.
The Auditor General by way of role management is required by law to examine and report annually to parliament on the accounts of Ministries, Departments, Regional Health Authorities, Regional Corporations and such State Controlled Enterprises and Statutory Boards for which the Auditor General is the statutory auditor.