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Ethiopian engineer faces death penalty in China

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On the 26th of January 2019 the Amharic Weekly, Addis Admas, published a news story about a young Ethiopian engineer who has been detained in China for drug smuggling. What one can understand from the news story is that the Ethiopian suspect is under arrest with no outside contact. Meaning she is deprived of communication with anyone including her parents and family members except a diplomat of Ethiopian Embassy in Beijing. Some say that such imprisonment can expose the suspect for torture and illegal treatments… I want to retell this same story so that the Ethiopian government and other pertinent bodies at national and international levels can be nudged in to action for the release of the unfortunate young lady.
Nazrawit Aberra is a civil engineer. She was one of the lucky young people who lined up at the front row of highly paid working class. The young engineer usually spends her leisure time with her close friend who once served the Ethiopian Air Lines as a hostess. This friend of hers has now changed her profession to trading business. She imports expensive materials to be sold out at local markets. Her travels far and wide enabled her to visit many countries.
One day it so happened that she proposed to Nazrawit a joint visit to China. “You will love visiting that big country. You will be impressed by many things there… Moreover, it is a good opportunity to be together at times with an engineer friend in such overseas visit…”
Nazrawit’s face beamed with amusement. She could not believe her ears. She taught this visit would bring her a good experience for her work. It is really delighting to make a tour of that ancient country which is making tremendous progress in the technology sector. “I can’t believe that! …Yessss! … I really thank you for your kind proposal, dear!” she hugged and kissed her friend. It seemed she could hardly get words to express her excitement. She was so excited that she could not wait till she got back home. She called her siblings and told them about the visit. She disseminated the news to her close friends and relatives. They all expressed happiness and showered her with words of appreciation.
“… What a chance! … How lucky you are! So, you are going to see the Great Wall? … Oh, my God! … Hey, don’t forget to visit the Forbidden City… You will see many things in the engineering sector…”
Nazrawit started preparing herself for the travel. She stuffed her best clothes, cultural costumes, shoes… in her big luggage. She put her makeup products in the small bags…
In the meantime, unexpected thing happened. Her friend (the one who had proposed the visit) called and told Nazrawit sorrowfully about the sudden death of her father. “I lost my dad! I don’t know what happened. I am sorry to tell you that I can’t go to China because of this… But you can go alone… No need to wait for me. I can assure you that nothing will happen to you. I have friends and acquaintances there. They can be by your side for everything… Nazri, I hope you can do that; can’t you? … Don’t be afraid, please,” she implored her in a mournful sound.
Nazrawit was confused. Chilly wind blew across her face. She felt as if she was deprived of something special. But the other side of her was telling her that she should soothe her dear friend by promising to go to China alone. “…Yeah, I can go by myself. Don’t worry, dear. I assure you… I can do that. Please, don’t cry. I am sorry for the sudden death of your dad.”
“Thank you, Nazri! You know I will be happy if I go with you. But, what can I do in such situation? …” her voice faded out with crying.
“No, please keep calm. I will see you before I fly to China… The trip should not be a big concern for you. Just think of things you should do here for the mourning… Don’t worry about the trip, ok?”
“Nazri, I thank you very much! It will be a good time for us if we go together. But we can’t do that because of this unexpected thing. Anyways, you can go by yourself. You will never feel loneliness once you are there. You are eager to see that country… I am sorry to leave you alone…” She mumbled.
“Please, don’t cry! Ok? … I will go. I don’t feel loneliness. I assure you, I will be alright.” Nazrawit tried to calm and comfort her friend… Though she felt making a first trip to China by herself would be tough, she was determined to give it a try. She promised to herself that she could do it.
Nazrawit’s plan was to fly back home from China before Genna (Ethiopian Christmas). She was eager to enjoy the breaking of the big fast (of Orthodox Christians) with her entire family. She knew that her mom would not take a bite of Injera at that big festival without her. Yes, she could stay there for a week and fly back home before Genna.
On the night she was about to fly to China, Nazrawit met her friend at Bole International Airport. She had told her a day before that she would see her off at the Airport. They chatted for half an hour and at last her friend handed a bag, heavy with something, to Nazrawit who opened and take a quick look inside. She saw some bottles and two small bundles.
“What are these?” Nazrawit asked.
“They are samples of shampoos and human hair. I need you to deliver them to an acquittance (a man) in Guangzhou. What you will do is that the moment you book your hotel there, you will send me an e-mail message notifying me the name of the hotel. Then, I will soon tell the man to come to you to pick the materials…” So saying she kissed Nazrawit farewell.
Nazrawit took her seat at the big Ethiopian Airbus. The flight from Addis to Guangzhou took about ten hours. Up on her arrival, it was dark under the sky of Guangzhou. Nazrawit touched China for the first time. Before she was allowed to step out of the airport, her baggage had to pass through an x-ray screening machine. Immediately after, the diligent airport security workers searched manually everything piece by piece. Then, suddenly one of the officers started talking through his walky-talky. He moved back and forth in a strange manner still talking through the walky-talky which was glued to his ear. Not long after that, two lady security workers grabbed Nazrawit’s hands from either sides and stayed in full alert for some minutes. Then leading her, they all stormed in to an office. Five of the bottles she carried from Ethiopia were placed on a big table in front of her. A fatty police officer with half-closed eyes and chubby cheeks greeted her with a nod.
“Welcome to China, madam. Are these bottles yours?” He asked pointing at the bottles.
“Yes, sir. They are mine. Is there any problem?” Nazrawit’s heart has already started pounding. She put her shaking hands on her bosom to muffle the shuddering.
“We are here to talk about your bottles. They are filled with liquid heroin and dangerous narcotic drugs. Don’t you know smuggling drugs in to China is a serious crime? It is indeed punishable by death! China has death penalty for drug trafficking… Don’t you know that?”
“Ohhhh… my God! … I have no the slightest idea about the contents inside the bottles… I was given by a friend of mine in Addis Ababa. She told me they were only shampoos to be delivered to her acquaintance (a man) in Guangzhou…”
“Do you know the man to whom they were supposed to be delivered to?”
“No! … I was supposed only to notify via e-mail to my friend in Addis the name of the hotel I am gonna book. Then, my friend sends a message to the guy who is said to come to the hotel to collect these materials… I don’t know for sure who that man is…” Nazrawit could not say any more words.
The other police officer approached and put handcuffs on Nazrawit. Then he moved a step sideway and stood to attention. The chief police officer cleared his voice and said, “I am sorry madam, we will have to go to police station!” Nazrawit got misty-eyed by the stern command of the chief police officer. She was led outside to a big black police van with swirling flash light on top of it…
Her family was bewildered by the incident and her siblings took no time before flying to Guangzhou to visit their unfortunate sister. But they were not lucky. They were told that Nazrawit’s case ‘is a serious one and she is incommunicado’ … meaning, she is deprived of any communication with others.
Drug trafficking in China is a serious crime that can result in capital punishment. Unless the Ethiopian government involves in Nazrawit’s case as soon as possible, it can have a serious consequence. What has happened previously in that country indicates the seriousness of such cases…
News sources show that though the case is disputable, a Canadian man by the name Robert LIoyd Schellenberg was said to face death penalty over drug smuggling in to China. Some say it is a tit-for-tat over the arrest of Huawei chief financial officer in Canada. “The Global Times, which is close to the Chinese authorities, said that under Chinese law, the penalty for smuggling or manufacturing at least a kilo of opium, 50 grams of heroin or methylaniline is 15 years to life in jail, or in extreme cases, the death penalty. It noted that in 2009, China executed the Briton Akmal Shaikh after he was convicted of smuggling four kilos (9lb) of heroin.”
At last … My conscience is telling me that the Chinese police could have trapped the guy who was supposed to receive the bottles in Guangzhou if they had allowed Nazrawit to send her ‘arrival’ message to her friend in Ethiopia. If they had been serious, they could easily have traced the recipient guy in China in this way … of course, taken for granted what we have been told here is true. The lady, who sent the bottles through Nazrawit to China, is reportedly strolling freely in Ethiopia… What does this mean?

By Haile-Gebriel Endeshaw

The writer can be reached at gizaw.haile@yahoo.com

‘I don’t see where this growth will be coming from’

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Capital sat down with Kebour Ghenna, former President of the Ethiopian and Addis Ababa Chambers of Commerce and current Executive Director of the Pan African Chamber of Commerce and Industry to discuss about his views on the current economic situation of the country. Excerpts:

 

Capital: A year after the advent of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed to power, which direction is the economy heading?
Kebour Ghenna: When it comes to the PM’s economic policy nothing is clear. He has yet to put his agenda for public scrutiny. The speed the PM has shown in changing the political landscape of the country is yet to be seen in the economic field. He should perhaps consider putting in place an economic team with diverse expertise and background to help him put in place ambitious, even radical economic policies. To date the only modest but concrete reform I can mention is the one relating to the partial opening of the logistics sector to foreign investors and operators, otherwise on the big issues – privatization, liberalization, land policy etc., the PM has only promised to bring changes. As a whole the direction of the economic reforms remain unclear and difficult to predict.

Capital: What would you like changed?
Kebour: I would like to see a strong system of checks and balances, and a parliament that debates, deliver results and decisions within a deadline. One man show should be avoided by all means.

Capital: You seem to favor the development state model, while the PM and many opposition leaders for that matter, seem to lean towards embracing liberal principles.
Kebour: For me the concept of ‘development state’ means advancing societal change. It’s about changing the very contents, make-up, and distribution of the country’s economic pie, as well as growing its size. The problem is how to carry out such intensely complex task, how to manage and coordinate it. Now liberalism broadly states that this will happen spontaneously with a free market. We all know this is not true.
I would argue that development does not happen solely of its own accord, and certainly not with the speed and continuity that is required if a real and sustained improvement in human welfare is to be achieved in the course of a generation. Let me add that an effective Development State requires a particular mix of politics and institutions that can create, maintain, and deepen democratic structures and shape developmental outcomes in both productive and equitable ways.

Kebour Ghenna

Capital: Ethiopia has experienced and still is experiencing high growth rates, is this going to continue?
Kebour: All the major economic and development institutions write that Ethiopia’s economic growth will continue. IMF estimates show an 8.5% growth for 2019, I wonder if this forecast is for real. With government cutting investment, the private sector struggling to keep itself afloat, shortage of forex, declining exports, and fall of commodity prices, I don’t see where this growth is coming from.

Capital: There is talk of privatizing Ethiopian airlines, Ethio telecom, and all the large public companies, what are your views on such policies?
Kebour: I don’t know if privatizing Ethiopian will make the company more efficient. Will the private operator add more fleet, more destinations, increase employment, make it safer? I doubt it. Regarding Ethio telecom it’s probably effective to put in place the regulation regime before rushing towards privatization. Issuing operator licenses to private sector new entrants, or even a more restricted way permitting joint ventures with Ethio-telecom, should be the right starting point.
You see, the purpose of privatization is presumably to increase the welfare of the community by getting rid of regulated monopoly offering a narrow range of services, to an open marketplace of great variety that offers affordable access to all. The assumption that privatization is a necessary or desirable part of the process towards achieving that goal is not a given, and many studies attest to that.
For me the underlying issue is whether the privatized service or asset can operate in a competitive market. If it does or if it can, there is probably no need for continued governmental involvement. By the way, the simple transfer of ownership from public to private hands will not necessarily reduce the cost or enhance the quality of services.

Capital: How about the financial sector, do you think the government will open the sector?
Kebour: I think it will, perhaps in four or five years. The government has already opened some areas to foreign financial entities, namely leasing services and the fin-tech areas. I can see this trend continuing.
Many people expect a rush of foreign banks into Ethiopia if the sector is open, I don’t see that happening, especially if these foreign banks are only allowed to operate the way local banks are currently operating. Many also believe that there will not be any foreign exchange shortage if foreign banks are allowed to operate in the country. That’s not necessarily true. Other factors including balance of payments developments, the balance of trade, financial reforms are critical provisions. Anyway the country’s regulation regimes should first be ‘modernized’ before anything substantial could happen.

Capital: Do you think the Birr will be devalued?
Kebour: If it will, the government will not announce it. Just follow the official buying rates of the Central Bank, you will note the Birr has been losing ground for a while.

Capital: Finally how do you see the political changes taking place in Ethiopia. Also your final thought on Addis Ababa City Administration’s recent ruling regarding condominium’s allocation?
Kebour: We’re heading towards dangerous waters. Dr. Abiy and his team have obliterated the Front, meaning EPRDF, without putting in place a viable instrument to run the federal government. Today the constituent states of the Federal Republic of Ethiopia seem to have de facto split apart. The parliament does not entertain much debates on critical issues, and too much power seems to be going towards the PM. In the current belligerent atmosphere I don’t know how the individual regional parties can come together to maintain a Pan Ethiopian Federal Republic. The PM has to work hard to encourage open debates in parliament. But citizens and civil society organizations have also to do their parts.
As for Addis Ababa, it was a case of EPRDF at its worst. Chaotic, autocratic, and opaque decision making process. The Mayor could have done better at managing the issue. Trying to appease one group by taking unexpected decisions has certainly disappointed all those who have trust in this government.

157

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Last Sunday, March 10th, marked a devastating day for the world based on the tragic Ethiopian airline accident that left 157 deceased in a field now filled with remains, tears and heartache. This event has affected the world including over 30 nationalities awaiting word as to what really happened on the fatal flight. Non-stop world news coverage calling out Boeing doesn’t appear to help, but that’s another story. Right now, real talk, all I can think of are the dearly departed and their loved ones and how in the world will they recover, not only remains for future burial, but recovery of the deep psychological impact of such a loss.
I have experienced various forms of mourning and celebration of life over the decades. For instance, growing up in Jamaica in the ‘60’s funerary traditions know as “Nine Nights” provided spaces and rituals for family, friends and community to gather and grieve over food, strong drink, and music, all rooted in West African tradition, post slavery. While nine nights were for mourning, they have evolved into celebration of the life of a loved one. By the ‘70’s when I moved to New York I witnessed the African American community’s “repast” or “Homegoing” ceremony. This tradition was also rooted in memories of African culture and the notion that loved ones will join ancestors in a return to Africa. The repast was very important as the inhumane system of slavery refused enslaved Africans from gathering to bid farewell to their dead. The Homegoing was seen as a somewhat joyous occasion as the life in slavery had now ended and the freedom to return “home” was now achieved.
In the ‘90’s, during my time in Ghana I witnessed huge weekend funerals with bus loads of people dressed in red and black and outpouring of emotions, food, drink and drumming, much like the Nine Night but on a whole other level. It appeared to be more a celebration of life than a space to mourn, with relatives and friends and community members sharing stories, meals and memories. Many funerary traditions exist in Ghana much like Ethiopia. By the 2000’s my Ethiopian experience was yet another unique expression in bereavement. I recall hearing the lone brass horn one early morning in my Sidist Kilo neighborhood, followed by a poetic like announcement of the deceased. This was swiftly followed by the setting up of the large “luxo” tent, arrival of bus loads of lamenting women with natalas draped in a special manner over their heads and distraught men wrapped in white cotton gabbies. Also included are usually large framed pictures surrounded by flowers of the loved one, who is typically interred within 48 hours after passing.
There are countless traditions to help not only the perished to pass over but to help the loved ones left behind to manage the grief of the loss. But I cannot help but wondering about the 157 who lay unceremoniously, near Bishoftu area in what may become a final resting place based on the circumstances. My heart aches for the mothers, fathers, daughters, sons and the long list of those left behind post the crash to create funerary plans. What does one do in the absence of remains to bury? How do they reconcile the feeling of never having said good-bye? How do thirty-something nationals live with thought that their loved ones will not be in a space where they can visit periodically? How will they fulfill cultural, religious or traditional ceremonies with the deceased interred in Ethiopia, by default? How do you heal from such a tragedy? Where does one turn for answers?
One thing I know for sure, the pain is deep with seemingly no comfort in sight. However, as time goes by and family, friends and even strangers share love and support in great and small ways, the grieving process will lead to healing. Healing may or may not lead to “closure,” whatever that may mean, but one thing is for sure; we will never forget the 157 men, women and children from Africa and around the world whose lives were senselessly lost on a bright and sunny Sunday morning in rural Ethiopia. May their souls rest in peace.

Dr. Desta Meghoo is a Jamaican born
Creative Consultant, Curator and cultural promoter based in Ethiopia since 2005. She also serves as Liaison to the AU for the Ghana based, Diaspora African Forum.

Samrawit Shiferaw

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Name: Samrawit Shiferaw

Education: BSc in Architecture

Company name: Zion Interior Design

Title: Owner

Founded in: 2016

What it does: Interior design and finishing works

HQ: Around Haya Hulet

Number of employees: 66

Startup Capital: 50,000 birr

Current Capital: Growing

Reason for starting a Business: Passion for interior designing

Biggest perk of ownership: Idea freedom

Biggest strength: Management

Biggest challenge: Negative attitude from government towards local entrepreneurs

Plan: To expand it

First career: Architecture

Most interested in meeting: PM Abiy Ahmed

Most admired person: Kumneger Tektel, founder of Ozzi Hospitality

Stress reducer: Going to church

Favorite past-time: Working

Favorite book: Dertogada

Favorite destination: Addis Ababa

Favorite automobile: Hyundai